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Compare Tromelin Island (2005) - Seychelles (2004)

Compare Tromelin Island (2005) z Seychelles (2004)

 Tromelin Island (2005)Seychelles (2004)
 Tromelin IslandSeychelles
Administrative divisions - 23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka
Age structure - 0-14 years: 26.9% (male 10,987; female 10,717)


15-64 years: 66.9% (male 26,380; female 27,731)


65 years and over: 6.2% (male 1,638; female 3,379) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 15 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 8


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)
Area total: 1 sq km


land: 1 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 455 sq km


land: 455 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background First explored by the French in 1776, the island came under the jurisdiction of Reunion in 1814. At present, it serves as a sea turtle sanctuary and is the site of an important meteorological station. A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. The most recent presidential elections were held 31 August-2 September 2001. President RENE, who has served since 1977, was re-elected. On 14 April 2004 RENE stepped down and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president.
Birth rate - 16.55 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $338.7 million


expenditures: $323.3 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Capital - Victoria
Climate tropical tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
Coastline 3.7 km 491 km
Constitution - 18 June 1993
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Tromelin Island


local long form: none


local short form: Ile Tromelin		 conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles


conventional short form: Seychelles
Currency - Seychelles rupee (SCR)
Death rate - 6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $213 million (2003 est.)
Dependency status possession of France; administered by the Administrateur Superieur of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands -
Diplomatic representation from the US - the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to the Seychelles
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL


chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785


FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786
Disputes - international claimed by Mauritius together with Mauritius, Seychelles claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)
Economic aid - recipient - $16.4 million (1995)
Economy - overview no economic activity Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. A sharp drop illustrated the vulnerability of the tourist sector in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war, and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Other issues facing the government are the curbing of the budget deficit, including the containment of social welfare costs, and further privatization of public enterprises. Growth slowed in 1998-2002, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors. Also, tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have impaired short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles rupee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector should remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar.
Electricity - consumption - 148.8 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 160 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 7 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m
Environment - current issues NA water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab
Exchange rates - Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 5.4007 (2003), 5.48 (2002), 5.8575 (2001), 5.7138 (2000), 5.3426 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 31 August-2 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: France Albert RENE re-elected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 54.19%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 44.95%, Philippe BOULLE 0.86%; note - the first time that presidential elections have been held separately from legislative elections; France Albert RENE stepped down 14 April 2004 and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - canned tuna, frozen fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)
Exports - partners - UK 38.8%, France 31.8%, Italy 14.5%, Germany 7.5% (2003)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side
GDP - purchasing power parity - $626 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 2.8%


industry: 28.7%


services: 68.9% (2003)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $7,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 1.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 15 52 S, 54 25 E 4 35 S, 55 40 E
Geography - note climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises) 40 granitic and about 50 coralline islands
Highways - total: 373 km


paved: 315 km


unpaved: 58 km (1997 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners - Saudi Arabia 15.7%, South Africa 10.9%, Spain 10.4%, France 9.7%, Italy 9.2%, Singapore 7%, UK 6.8% (2003)
Independence - 29 June 1976 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages
Infant mortality rate - total: 15.97 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 20.2 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3.3% (2003 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president
Labor force - 30,900 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 10%, industry 19%, services 71% (1989)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (grasses; scattered bushes) (2001)		 arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 13.33%


other: 84.45% (2001)
Languages - English (official), French (official), Creole
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law
Legislative branch - unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4-6 December 2002 (next held by 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 54.3%, SNP 42.6%, DP 3.1%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11


note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the percentage that each party won of the total vote
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 71.53 years


male: 66.1 years


female: 77.14 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 58%


male: 56%


female: 60% (1971 est.)
Location Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar Eastern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine - total: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 42,223 GRT/63,538 DWT


by type: cargo 4, chemical tanker 3, container 1


foreign-owned: Bulgaria 1, Cyprus 1, Nigeria 1, South Africa 2 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches - Army, Coast Guard (including Navy Wing, Air Wing), National Guard, Presidential Protection Unit (includes Presidential Guard), Seychelles National Police (includes Police Mobile Unit)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $11.6 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.8% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 23,661 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 11,712 (2004 est.)
National holiday - Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993)
Nationality - noun: Seychellois (singular and plural)


adjective: Seychellois
Natural hazards NA lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible
Natural resources fish fish, copra, cinnamon trees
Net migration rate - -5.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Daniel BELLE]; Mouvement Seychellois pour la Democratie [Jacques HODOUL]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] - the governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders - Roman Catholic Church; trade unions
Population uninhabited, except for visits by scientists (July 2005 est.) 80,832 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 0.45% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Victoria
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)
Religions - Roman Catholic 86.6%, Anglican 6.8%, other Christian 2.5%, other 4.1%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.49 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 17 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: effective system


domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago


international: country code - 248; direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 21,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 54,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain low, flat, and sandy; likely volcanic Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs
Total fertility rate - 1.77 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - NA
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